What to See and Do in Hoa Lu Ancient Capital – Plan Your Trip to Discover the Wonders

Hoa Lu Ancient Capital in Ninh Binh is a place that is often associated with the natural beauty of majestic mountains and landscapes of famous attractions such as Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex, or the fame of Bai Dinh Pagoda, overlooking the beauty of the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, which was the starting point of our country’s foundation as the capital. Today, let’s explore and discover the ancient beauty of Hoa Lu together with Circlevietnam!

Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

Introduction to Hoa Lu Ancient Capital – Ancient Beauty

In 968, after suppressing the rebellion of the Twelve Warlords, Emperor Dinh Tien Hoang unified the country and named it Dai Co Viet, establishing the capital in Hoa Lu, Ninh Binh. Hoa Lu was the capital of Dai Co Viet for a short period of time (42 years), but it witnessed many important events that shaped the destiny of our nation, linked to the achievements of three successive dynasties: Dinh, Early Le, and Ly, with significant historical marks of unifying the country, defeating the Southern Han and the process of establishing the capital in Hanoi.

The ancient citadel of Hoa Lu consisted of two adjacent concentric citadels and a closely adjacent mountain range. The three circles formed a shape similar to the number 80, facing east according to the arrangement during the Dinh and Early Le periods. However, the southern citadel was located in a militarily strategic area, the rear defense, which is why it was commonly known as Trang An.

The other two citadels were the palaces and were therefore referred to as Hoa Lu. Surely, we all know that when King Ly Thai To moved the capital to Thang Long in 1010, Hoa Lu was only referred to as the Ancient Capital, the important military base of Dai Viet under the reigns of the Ly, Tran, Le, Mac, and Tay Son dynasties.

Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

The present-day image of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital is no longer intact but instead, temples dedicated to King Dinh and King Le have been built on the foundations of the ancient capital. These two temples are not far from each other. Due to their age-old construction, the temples of King Dinh and King Le possess their own unique ancient beauty.

This place is an architectural complex where each structure carries its own distinct features, all contributing to the ancient and grandeur of the historical relics. The remaining traces and historical significance are preserved in the diverse and abundant complex of historical relics, including the citadel walls, palaces, cave temples, royal tombs, and many other valuable architectural works with high cultural value.

Where is Hoa Lu Ancient Capital?

The cultural-historical relic area of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, including the special protected buffer zone and the Thien Ton Cave and Bai Dinh Pagoda, is located within the limestone mountain system in Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh Province, bordering the districts of Gia Vien and Hoa Lu. It is about 100 km south of the capital city, Hanoi.

When visiting Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, don’t forget to explore other attractions in Ninh Binh such as Bai Dinh Pagoda, Trang An, Tam Coc – Bich Dong, Mua Cave, and many more!

What is the best time to visit Hoa Lu?

Hoa Lu Ancient Capital in Ninh Binh is a place where unique festivals are held to commemorate the kings who made significant contributions to the country in ancient times. Therefore, for the most meaningful experiences, according to Circlevietnam, you should visit Hoa Lu during the dry season (from March to November) rather than during heavy rainy seasons. Specifically, the following periods are recommended:

• Spring Festival: After the Lunar New Year, the people of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital in Ninh Binh organize numerous traditional festivals that you should not miss, such as the Ban Bon Non Khe Festival, the Den La Festival, and more.

• May: Not only does May have pleasant weather, but it is also the season of ripening rice in Ninh Binh. You can admire the stunning beauty of the rice fields when they are filled with mature, golden grains. Combine this with visits to other attractions such as Tam Coc, Mua Cave, and more.

• March: This is the time of the Truong Yen Festival, also known as the Co Lau Festival – one of the most famous traditional festivals of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, held annually from the 8th to the 10th day of the third lunar month.
  

The months of March to May are when the northern provinces enter the dry season, offering beautiful weather for travel before the rainy season. This is the time of rice harvest in Ninh Binh. Therefore, when visiting Hoa Lu Ancient Capital, combine it with other destinations such as Mua Cave, Tam Coc – Bich Dong to discover the mesmerizing beauty of ripe golden rice fields or blooming lotus ponds.

For those who love the festive atmosphere, like Circlevietnam, visiting Hoa Lu in March during the Truong Yen Festival or Co Lau Festival is recommended. This traditional festival in the ancient capital takes place annually from the 8th to the 10th day of the third lunar month.

How to get to Hoa Lu?

From Hanoi to Ninh Binh

Due to the considerable distance from Hanoi to Ninh Binh (about 100km), you can choose from the following means of transportation to make yourself the most comfortable:

• Motorbike: When traveling by motorbike, you can simply go from Hanoi straight along National Highway 1A with a fuel cost of about 100,000 VND and a travel time of about 3 hours.

• Train: Trains from Hanoi to Ninh Binh include TN1, SE3, SE5, SE7, SE9, SE19, with ticket prices ranging from around 90,000 VND for a hard seat to about 230,000 VND for a sleeping berth.

• Bus: You can depart from Hanoi and go to bus stations such as Gia Lam, Giap Bat, My Dinh, then stop at Nho Quan or Kim Son Ninh Binh bus stations with ticket prices of around 75,000 VND per person.

• Long-distance taxi or Limousine: This option is suitable for small families or small groups of friends, especially if you want to be picked up and dropped off at specific tourist destinations in Ninh Binh. Prices for long-distance taxis or Limousines range from about 150,000 VND to 350,000 VND, depending on the company.

From Ninh Binh to Hoa Lu:

According to Circlevietnam, from the city center of Ninh Binh, you should head towards the post office, turn left, and then continue on Trang An Street. Next, follow the signs that can be seen in the Trang An Ninh Binh tourist area to reach the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, which is about 200m away.

Tourist attractions in Hoa Lu:

1. Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang:

The Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang was built in the 17th century and is located in the eastern center of the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, now in Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh province. The temple is classified as a special historical site and was the place where the king established his capital in ancient times.

The Temple of King Dinh is built according to the “domestic and foreign” architectural style, with two continuous corridors connecting the front house with the rear house to form a rectangular shape. This is a common architectural style of the 17th century. The temple is built on the site of the ancient Hoa Lu royal palace, and the tomb of King Dinh is built in the form of a mountain. Visitors can explore the surrounding area of the temple and experience the preserved traces of an ancient historical site.

The Temple of King Dinh is also known for its unique artistry. The temple is built with a unique architectural style. It consists of three main structures: Bai Duong (the main temple hall), Thieu Huong (the incense burning house), and Chinh Cung (the main worship hall). In the middle of Bai Duong, on the dragon yard, there is a beautifully carved stone pedestal made by the hands of the intellectuals of the Dinh era.

From Bai Duong, you will see Thieu Huong, and passing through Thieu Huong, you will reach Chinh Cung. In the middle hall, there is a statue of King Dinh Tien Hoang, finely gilded. The uniqueness of the architectural style of the Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang is also reflected in the wooden columns and yin-yang roof tiles.

During your trips to historical landmarks, visiting the Temple of King Dinh is a great opportunity to hear the heroic historical stories and feel proud of our national heritage as “Descendants of the Dragon”.

2. Temple of King Le Dai Hanh:

The Temple of King Le Dai Hanh is about 500m away from the Temple of King Dinh Tien Hoang. Although it is a small temple, it has been built for a long time and has a mossy ancient appearance. However, thanks to its beautiful and historically significant architecture, it attracts many visitors.

The architecture of the Temple of King Le Dai Hanh is similar to that of the Temple of King Dinh, including Bai Duong, Thieu Huong, and Chinh Cung. The temple features many statues gilded with gold, creating a mystical and magnificent atmosphere. One noticeable feature here is perhaps the main entrance road to the temple, which is paved with clean tiles, leading through the ceremonial gate.

On the left is a 3m high miniature mountain. The carved phoenix shape looks very majestic, and on the right is the ancestral altar with a miniature mountain. It can be said that the Temple of King Le is a representative example of the 17th-century architectural and sculptural art.

3. Phat Kim Pagoda:

Located in a narrow area near the northern gate of the central area of the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, adjacent to the ancient Yen Thanh village. Phat Kim Pagoda consists of three interconnected buildings in the shape of the Chinese character “mon” (gate), facing the main courtyard. It is said that this location is on the foundation of the Vong Nguyet palace, where Princess Phat Kim resided, very close to the Nhat Tru Pagoda. In front of the courtyard is a large well with a pyramid shape, which is considered the place where the princess committed suicide.

4. Hoa Lu Quadrangles

One of Hoa Lu Quadrangeles

If Hanoi has the Quadrangles, then in Hoa Lu, there are also four Quadrangles constructed in four directions. Each direction has a fortified palace with three layers of walls and the presence of influential individuals. The Eastern Quadrangle is dedicated to the deity Thien Ton in Gia Vien District, Ninh Binh Province.

The Western Quadrangle is dedicated to the deity Cao Son in Nho Quan District, Ninh Binh Province. This deity has contributed to assisting the people in their livelihoods and protecting them from destructive forces, thus earning the respect of the local community. The Southern Quadrangle is dedicated to the deity Quy Minh, and the Northern Quadrangle is dedicated to the deity Kinh Lo.

Temples in Hoa Lu

As a UNESCO-recognized world cultural heritage site, the ancient capital of Hoa Lu embodies the cultural, historical, and religious values of our country for many centuries. Among them, famous temples such as the Golden Temple, Tam Chuc Temple, Bai Dinh Temple, etc., are noteworthy.

With their spacious grounds, solemn ambiance, and exquisite ancient architecture, these temples not only provide picturesque settings for stunning photographs but also offer a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life, allowing visitors to experience a sense of peace and serenity.

Bai Dinh Pagoda

Traditional Festivals in Hoa Lu

The Festival of Duc Thanh Quy Minh Dai Vuong

The Festival of Duc Thanh Quy Minh Dai Vuong is held annually on the 18th day of the lunar month in Trang An tourist area, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh Province. It is a festival dedicated to worshiping the deity Quy Minh, who is believed to be the descendant of Lac Long Quan and Au Co according to folklore.

During the festival, visitors have the opportunity to participate in water processions, rituals, and boat races along the Sao Khe River, covering a distance of over 5km and passing through 11 caves. The boats, adorned with vibrant colors, are then divided into two groups: one group docks at a designated location, while the other continues the journey for another 3km to reach the Noi Lam Temple for the ceremonial rituals.

The Festival of Den Thai Vi

The Festival of Den Thai Vi takes place from the 14th to the 17th day of the lunar month every year, aiming to commemorate the contributions of the Tran dynasty kings in the process of nation-building and defense. The most impressive highlight of the festival is the ceremonial procession involving over 30 groups of people from various villages in Hoa Lu, Ninh Binh.

Subsequently, the solemn religious rituals are held in front of the Thai Vi Temple, followed by a festive atmosphere featuring captivating traditional games that should not be missed, such as lion dances, dragon dances, wrestling, human chess, and boat racing.

The Festival of Truong Yen

The Festival of Truong Yen is held from the 10th to the 13th day of the lunar month every year, commemorating the great achievements of Emperor Dinh Tien Hoang and Emperor Le Dai Hanh, the national heroes who played significant roles in the establishment and development of the ancient Dai Co Viet country.

Similar to other festivals, the event includes solemn religious rituals held at the Thai Vi Temple and culminates in a festive celebration with exciting and unique traditional games such as lion dances, dragon dances, wrestling, human chess, and boat racing.

What to Eat When Traveling to Hoa Lu?

Hoa Lu Rice Cracker

Although not a traditional dish of Ninh Binh, Hoa Lu Rice Cracker was created by a native of the ancient capital and has been preserved until today. Despite its simple and humble appearance, this special rice cracker has developed into one of the most famous specialties of Hoa Lu, known for its crispy texture and unforgettable rich flavor. According to Circlevietnam’s experience, it is recommended to buy Hoa Lu Rice Crackers as gifts for friends and family.

Ninh Binh Mountain Goat Meat

As one of the most famous specialties in Ninh Binh, the mountain goat meat here is known for its firm texture, fragrant aroma, and low fat content, making it popular among many tourists. Additionally, the accompanying vegetables such as climbing spinach, water spinach, and gourd contribute to the distinctive and flavorful characteristics of this unique dish.

Ninh Binh Mountain Snails

Ninh Binh Mountain Snails are a rare type of snail often found in limestone mountains like Hoa Lu, living inside caves. They usually emerge in the early morning during the rainy season from April to August, when they come out to search for food and reproduce. The meat of these snails is crunchy, sweet, and has a distinctive aroma reminiscent of Chinese herbs. It can be used to create delicious and enticing dishes such as grilled snails, ginger-steamed snails, boiled snails with lemongrass, stir-fried snails with tamarind, or snail salads.

Some Notes for Visiting the Ancient Capital of Hoa Lu:

• Hoa Lu Ancient Capital is a famous historical, cultural, and spiritual heritage site. Therefore, it is advisable to dress modestly and respectfully. Maintain order and reverence, and refrain from littering when visiting this tourist destination.

• If you are traveling independently, it is recommended to check the map in advance for convenient navigation during your trip.

• Since most of the attractions in the ancient capital are outdoors, it is advisable to bring a hat, sunscreen, drinking water, and other necessary items to cope with the hot and uncomfortable weather.

• If you are traveling with a group, it is important to follow the instructions of the tour guide and the management board of the ancient capital site. Additionally, engage in conversations with the staff to gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical significance of the heritage site.

One-Day Itinerary for Hoa Lu Tour

If you’re planning a one-day trip to Hoa Lu, you can consider the following itinerary from Hanoi – Trang An – Bai Dinh Pagoda- Hoa Lu:

• 7:00 – 8:30: Depart from Hanoi. If you take the expressway, it will take just over an hour to reach Ninh Binh. From there, continue to Trang An tourist area.

• 9:00 – 13:00: Explore Trang An by boat and visit the attractions according to your preferences. After 2-3 hours, head to the Hoa Lu ancient capital, visit the temples of Đinh Tiên Hoàng and Lê Đại Hành, and then have lunch and rest at a restaurant.

• From 16:00 onward: Finally, visit Bai Dinh Pagoda, one of the most famous temple complexes in Vietnam with many confirmed records. After the visit, you can return to Hanoi.

Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

A trip to Ninh Binh with CircleVietnam to discover the beauty of Trang An, Tam Coc, Hoa Lu, and Bai Dinh will surely bring unforgettable experiences to visitors. Don’t hesitate to come to Ninh Binh and explore the attractions and unique natural landscapes here.

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